Gross Output Value of Farming, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishe ry refers t o the t otal value of p roducts of
farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, which reflects the total scale and result of agricultural production during a
given period. Gross output value of agriculture is obtained by first multip lying t he outp ut of each product or by p roduct by
its price, result ing in t he outp ut value of each s ingle item. For a small number of products, annual output of which is not
available or difficult to get due to the long production growing process involved, t he output value is es timated through an
indirect approach. The sum of out put value of all products of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery is then equal
to the gross output value of agriculture. Prior to 1957, Chinas gross agricultural output value included barnyard manure and
handicraft products for self-consumption (clothes, shoes, stockings, and initial grain process ing undert aken by peasant s).
Since 1958, cutt ing and felling of bamboo and trees by villages and other cooperative organizations under villages have
been included in forestry; value of barnyard manure has been excluded from animal husbandry; self consumed handicraft s
has been excluded from sideline occupations, while the output value of indust ries run by villages and cooperative
organizations under village had been included in sideline occupations and the out put value of fish catches by mot or fishing
boats has been added to fishery. Since 1980, the value of handicraft products made for sale by individuals in households had
been added to sideline occupations. Since 1984, indus tries run by villages and under villages have been included in the
sector of industry. Since 1993, the subdivision of sideline occup ations has been canceled, and the hunting of wild animals
has been classified into animal husbandry, and the gathering of wild plants and commodity indust ry run by rural hous ehold
have been included in farming. The firs t agriculture census of China in 1996 revealed some discrepancy between the
production of animal products from the annual reports and that from the census. Efforts were made by NBS to adjust the
output value of animal husbandry to make the figures from the annual reports consis tent with the census data.

Grain Output refers to the total output of rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, millet and other miscellaneous grains as well as tubers
and bean in the whole country including grains produced by state farms, collective units, industrial enterprises and mines.
Output of beans refers to dry beans without pods. The output of tubers (sweet potatoes and potatoes, not including taros and
cass ava) was converted into that of grain at the ratio 4:1, i.e. 4 kilograms of fresh tubers was equivalent to 1 kilogram of
grain up to 1963. Since 1964 the ratio for convers ion has been 5:1. Tubers supplied as vegetables (such as p otatoes) in
cities and suburbs are calculated as fresh vegetables and their outp ut is not included in the output of grain. Output of all
other grains refers to husked grain. Data on grain production before 1989 were obtained through Comprehensive Statistical
Reporting System, since then, sample survey data are used.

Cotton Output refers t o t he cot ton p roduct ion in t he whole country including cotton sown in sp ring and in autumn. Outp
ut is measured as the weight of ginned cotton. Three kilograms of seed-cotton are equivalent t o 1 kilogram of ginned
cotton, excluding ceiba.

Output of Oil-bearing Crops refers to the total production of oil-bearing crops of various kinds, including peanut s, (dry, in
shell) rapeseeds, sesame, sunflower seeds, flax seeds, and other oil-bearing crops. Soybeans, oil-bearing woody plants, and
wild oil-bearing crops are not included.

Output of Aquatic Products refers to cat ches of both artificially cultured and naturally grown aquatic product s, including
fish, shrimps, crabs and shellfish in sea and inland water as well as seaweed. Freshwater plants are not included. Data on
output of aquatic products are reported by aquatic product and statistical agencies level by level. Before 1995, among the
shellfish, t he oyster was counted as fresh meat ; 5 kilograms of ark shell, clams and frogs are equivalent to 1 kilogram of
fresh aquatic product s; t hey are all counted as fresh aquatic product s since 1996.

Output of Pork, Beef, and Mutton refers to the meat of slaughtered hogs, cattle, sheep and goats wit h head, feet, and
offal taken away. The stat istical scop e is of the whole society. The first agriculture census of China in 1996 revealed some
discrepancy between the production of animal products from the annual reports and that from the census. Efforts were made
by NBS to adjust the output value of animal husbandry to make the figures from the annual rep orts consistent with the
census data. Since 1999, NBS conducted sample survey for t he major animal husbandry products , such as hogs, catt le,
sheep and goats and fowls, and the data from sample surveys are used as national finalized dat a. Those products, which are
not covered by t he sample survey, are st ill reported by statistical agencies level by level.

Number of Livestock or Poultry in Stock at Beginning (or End) refers t o the total number of large animals, pigs,
sheep, fowls, etc. raised by rural cooperative organizations, s tate farms, rural individuals, government agencies, schools,
industrial and mining enterprises, army, and urban residents at the beginning (or end) of t he reference period. Data rep ort
ing sys tem and data adjustment are the s ame as t hat in the outp ut of pork, beef and mutt on.

Regularly Cultivated Land refers to farmland among the total land resources , which is exclusively used for farming and is
under regular cultivation with harvest in normal y ears. Included are currently cultivated land, land that has been abandoned
or put in idle for less t han 3 years and could be re-used for cultivation at any time, and new-claimed land that has been put
into cultivation for more than 3 years. According to stat istical coverage, it includes the gouges, dykes, roads and ridges of
field with 1 meter wide in Southern areas and 2 meters wide in Nort hern areas. Excluded under this category are steep slope
land over 25 degrees under temporary cultivat ion, land (large or small plots) that is claimed along river bends, lake sides or
banks of reservoirs, as well as land that has been designated under the "Green for Grain" programmes of the st ate and
provincial governments but is s till temporarily under cult ivation. The regularly cultivated land is the key protection land of
the nation, which reflects the comprehensive productivity of agriculture of China.

Sown Area of Crops refers t o area of land sown or transplanted with crop s regardless of being in cultivated area or
noncultivated area. Area of land re-sown due to natural disasters is also included. The indicator can reflect the utilizat ion
condition of the cultivat ed land in China. At p res ent , t he sown area of crop s mainly include the following 9 categories of
crops: grain, cotton, oil-bearing crops, sugar crops, fiber crops, Tobacco, Vegetables and melons, medicinal materials and ot
her farm crops.

Irrigated Area refers to areas that are effectively irrigated, i.e. level land, which has water source and complete sets of
irrigation facilities to lift and move adequate water for irrigation purpose under normal conditions. Under normal conditions,
irrigated area is the sum of wat ered fields and irrigated fields where irrigation syst ems or equipment have been installed for
regular irrigation purpose. This indicator can reflect drought resist ance capacity of the cultivated land in China.

Consumption of Chemical Fertilizers in Agricul ture refers to the quant ity of chemical fertilizers applied in agriculture
in the y ear, including nitrogenous fertilizer, p hosphate fertilizer potash fert ilizer, and compound fert ilizer. The consumption
of chemical fertiliz ers is required in calculat ion t o convert the gross weight into weight containing 100% effective component
(e.g. 100% nitrogen content in nitrogenous fertilizer, 100% phosphorous pent oxide contents in p hosphate fertilizer, 100%
potassium oxide contents in potash fertilizer). Compound fertilizer is convert ed with it s major component. The formula is :
Volume of effective comp onent= phys ical quantity X effective component of certain chemical fertiliz er(%)

Total Power of Farm Machinery refers to total mechanical power of machinery used in farming, forest ry, animal
husbandry, and fishery, including ploughing, irrigat ion and drainage, harves ting, transport, plant protection, stock breeding,
forestry and fishery. The p ower of internal combust ion engines is required to convert horsepower into watts and the power of
electric motors is required to be convert ed into watts . Machinery emp loyed for non-agricultural purposes, such as the
machines used in township run and village-run industry, construction, nonagricultural transport, scientific experiments and
teaching, is excluded. Data are mainly from agricultural machinery agencies.

Rural Employed Pe rsons refer to rural labor forces aged over 16 years old who are engaged in real production and
management activit ies and receive payment in kind or wages, including those covered within the age frame and regularly
participating in production activities, and t hose who are out of the range of age frame and also p articipat ing in product ion
activities regularly. Excluding st udent s st udying in other places with their permanent residence regis tered in local areas,
servicemen and persons incapable of working; also excluding those who are waiting for jobs and those engaged in household
work. Persons employed are classified as rural emp loyed persons; indus trial employ ed persons; const ruct ion industry
employ ed p ersons; transport, storage and t elecommunications indust ries employed persons; whole sales and retail sales
trade and catering indust ry employed persons and others according to the longest period of persons engaged in major act
ivities (or using income indicator when periods are the s ame).

Township Enterprises refer to collective economic organization in rural areas or various enterprises bearing the
responsibilities of support ing the agricult ural s ector in t own (including related village), which mainly invest ed by farmers.
The share of rural economic organizations or farmers should account for over 50%, if it were below 50%, it should play the
leading role or hold the share. Those ent erprises include: township enterprises, village enterprises, joint-household
enterprises, household (private, individual) enterprises ; and also the joint venture enterpris es wit h various ownership s
among above-mentioned enterpris es, or with state-owned ent erprises , urban collective enterpris es, privat e enterp rises
and foreign funded (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) enterprises.