Economically Active Population refers to the population aged 16 and over who are capable to work, are participating in
or willing to participate in economic activities, including employed persons and unemployed persons.
Employed Persons refer to the persons who are engaged in social working and receive remuneration payment or earn
business income, including total staff and workers, re-employed retirees, employers of private enterprises, self-employed
workers, employees in private enterprises and individual economy, employees in township enterprises, employed persons in
the rural areas, and other employed persons (including teachers in the schools run by the local people, people engaged in
religious profession and the servicemen, etc.). This indicator reflects the actual utilization of total labour force during a certain
period of time and is often used for the research on China's economic situation and national power.
Persons Employed in Various Units refer to all the persons working in government agencies of various levels, political
and party organizations, social organizations, enterprises and institutions, and receiving wages or other forms of payment.
They include fully-employed staff and workers, re-employed retirees, teachers in schools run by the local people, foreigners
and Chinese compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan working in various units, part-time employees, employees of
other units working temporarily at current posts, and employees holding the second job, but exclude staff and workers who
have left their working units while keeping their labour contract (employment relation) unchanged. This indicator reflects the
total number of laborers actually engaged in production or other operations in various units.
Persons Employed in Private Enterprises and Self-Employed Individuals in Urban Areas Persons employed in
private enterprises refer to the persons employed in the private enterprises which have been registered at the departments of
industrial and commercial administration and are situated at a county town (i.e. a town where the county government is
located) for business operation or at urban areas with the level higher than a county town. The self-employed individuals in
urban areas refer to persons who hold the certificates of residence in urban areas or have resided in the urban areas for a
long time and have been registered at the departments of industrial and commercial administration and approved to be
engaged in individual industrial or commercial business, including self-employed persons as well as helpers and hired
labourers who work in the individual households engaged in industrial or commercial business.
Registered Urban Unemployed Persons The registered unemployed persons in urban areas refer to the persons who
are registered as permanent residents in the urban areas engaged in non-agricultural activities, aged within the range of
working age, capable to labour, unemployed but desirous to be employed and have been registered at the local employment
service agencies to apply for a job.
Registered Urban Unemployment Rate Registered unemployment rate in urban areas refers to the ratio of the number
of the registered unemployed persons to the sum of the number of persons employed in various units and in private
enterprises in urban areas, urban self-employed individuals and the registered urban unemployed persons . The formula is
as follows:
Registered urban unemployment rate = number of registered urban unemployed persons÷(number of persons employed in
urban units + number of persons employed in urban private enterprises + and self-employed individuals in urban Areas +
number of registered urban unemployed persons) × 100%.
Staff and Workers refer to the persons who work in (and receive payment therefrom) enterprises and institutions of state ownership, collective ownership, joint ownership, share holding, foreign ownership, and ownership by entrepreneurs from Hong
Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, and other types of ownership and their affiliated units, excluding the retired persons invited to work
in the units again, teachers in the schools run by the local people and foreigners and persons coming from Hong Kong, Macao
and Taiwan and working in the state-owned economic units. (Number of staff and workers in this yearbook include only fully
employed staff and workers, excluding those who have left their working units while keeping their labour contract/employment
relation unchanged).
Staff and Workers in State-owned Economic Units refer to the persons who work in the state-owned economic units or
their attached units and are listed in their payrolls.
Staff and Workers of Collective Owned Units in Urban Areas refer to the persons who work in collective owned units
in urban areas and their administration departments and receive payment therefrom.
Staff and Workers in Units of Other types of Ownership refer to those who work in (and receive payment therefrom)
enterprises and institutions of joint ownership, share holding, foreign ownership, and ownership by entrepreneurs from Hong
Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.
Fully Employed Staff and Workers refer to persons who work in, and receive wages from their working units, as well as
persons who have their work posts, but are temporarily absent from work for reasons of study or on sick, injury or maternal
leave and still receive wages from their working units.
Total Wages of Staff and Workers refer to the total remuneration payment to staff and workers in various units during a
certain period of time. The calculation of total wages is based on the total remuneration payment to the staff and workers.
Therefore, all the wages and salaries and other payments to staff and workers are included in the total wages regardless of
their sources, category, and forms (in kind or cash). (Total wages of staff and workers in this yearbook include only total
wages of fully employed staff and workers, excluding the living allowances distributed to those who have left their working
units while keeping their labour contract/employment relation unchanged).
Average Wage of Staff and Workers refers to the average wage in money terms per person during a certain period of
time for staff and workers in enterprises, institutions, and government agencies, which reflects the general level of wage
income during a certain period of time and is calculated as follows:
Average Wage of Staff and Workers = Total Wages of Staff and Workers at the Report/Average Number of Staff and Workers
at the Report Period.
Average Wage Indices of Staff and Workers refers to the ratio of average wage of staff and workers in the report
period to that in the base period, which reflects the change of wage of staff and workers at the different period. It is
calculated as follows:
Average Wage Indices of Staff and Workers = Average Wage of Staff and Workers at the Report Period / Average Wage of
Staff and Workers at the Base Period *100%
Average Real Wage Indices of Staff and Workers average real wage of staff and workers refers to the average wage
of staff and workers after removing the effects of the price changes and average real wage indices of staff and workers refers
to the change of real wage, which reflects the relative increasing or decreasing level of real wage of staff and workers, which is
calculated as follows:
Average Real Wage Indices of Staff and Workers = Average Wage Indices of Staff and Workers at the Report Period / Urban
Consumer Price Indices at the Report Period *100%
Professional Personnel refers to the persons who are engaged in special professional work or in professional
management who got the titles of a professional post before 1983 or who were appointed to professional positions since
1984.
Professional personnel specifically refers to engineering professionals, agricultural professionals, scientific research
professionals (natural science researchers, social science researchers and laboratory technicians), health professionals,
teaching professionals (including institutions of higher education, specialized secondary schools, technical schools, regular
secondary schools, and primary schools), civil aviation professionals, nautical professionals, economic professionals,
accounting professionals, statistical professionals, interpretation professionals, library professionals, archives professionals,
professionals of culture, arts and cultural relics, newsman and publishing professionals, lawyers, notary professionals, radio
and television announcers, industrial arts professionals, sports professionals, artists and political professionals.
Professional management personnel specifically refers to the managers of enterprises and institutions, the personnel
engaged in the management of production, techniques, economic and political aspects in the functional departments under
the enterprise and institution, production workshops and accessorial workshops (or accessorial production units) under the
enterprises.
Professional personnel excluded the personnel managed by or according to the system of civil servants.
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