Total Population refers to the total number of people alive at a certain point of time within a given area.
The annual stat istics on t otal p opulat ion is taken at midnight, the 3lst of December, not including res ident s in Taiwan
province, Hong Kong and Macao and overseas Chinese.

Urban Population and Rural Population Urban population refer to all people residing in cities and towns, while rural
population refer to population other than urban population.

Statistics on urban and rural population over the years are compiled in line with the regulations of statistical classification on
urban and rural populat ion stipulated by the government, which were in effect at different t imes.

Figures on urban/rural populat ion for t he y ears between the 3 censuses are adjusted in accordance with the 1990 and 2000
population census data.

Birth Rate or (Crude Birth Rate) refers to the ratio of the number of births to the average population (or mid-period
population) during a certain period of time (usually a year), expressed in ¡ë.

Birt h rate in the chapter refers to annual birth rat e. The following formula is used:
Birth Rat e = (Number of Births /Average Number of Pop ulation)× 1000‰

Number of births in the formula refers t o live births, i.e. when a baby has breathed or showed any vital p henomena
regardless of the length of pregnancy.

Annual average number of population is t he average of the number of p opulation at the beginning of the year and that at
the end of t he year. Sometimes it is substitut ed by t he mid-year population.

Death Rate (or Crude Death Rate) refers to the ratio of the number of deaths t o the average population (or mid-period
population) during a certain period of time (usually a year), expressed in ¡ë. Deat h rate in the chapter refers to annual death
rate. The following formula is used:

Death Rate= (Number of Deaths/Annual Average Number
of Population)× 1000‰

Natural Growth Rate of Population refers to t he ratio of natural increase in population (number of births minus number
of deaths) in a certain period of t ime (usually a year) t o t he average population (or mid-period population) of the same
period, expressed in‰. The following formula is ap plied:

Natural Growth Rate of Population = [(Number of Births- Number of Deaths)/Average Number of Population]×1000‰
Natural Growt h Rate of P opulation = Birth Rate-Death Rate

Gross Dependency Ratio also called gross dependency coefficient, refers to the ratio of non-working-age populat ion to
the working-age population, express in %. Describing in general the number of non-working-age population that every 100
people at working ages w ill take care of, this indicator reflects the basic relation between population and economic
development from the demographic perspect ive. The gross dependency ratio is cal- culated with the following formula:

GDR = P0～14 +P65 + × 100% P15～64

Where: GDR is t he gross dependency ratio
P0～14 is the population of children aged 0-14
P65+ is the elderly pop ulation aged 65 and over, and
P15～64 is the working-age population aged 15-64

Old De pendency Ratio also called old dependency coef- ficient, refers t o the ratio of the elderly population to the work-
ing-age population, express in %. It describes t he number of the elderly population that every 100 peop le at working ages
w ill take care of. Old dependency ratio is one of the indicators reflect- ing the social implication of population agingfrom the
economic persp ective. The old dependency rat io is calculated wit h the following formula:

ODR = P65 + ×100% P15～64

Where: ODR is t he old dependency ratio
P65 + is the elderly pop ulation aged 65 and over, and
P15～64 is the working-age population aged 15-64

Childre n Dependency Ratio also called children dep en- dency coefficient , refers to the ratio of the children population to
the working-age population, express in %. It describes the num- ber of children population that every 100 people at working
ages will t ake care of. The children dependency rat io is calculated with the following formula:

CDR = P0～14 P15～64 ×100%

Where: CDR is the children dependency ratio
P0～14 is the children population aged 0-14, and
P15～64 is the working-age population aged 15-64