2-4 Structural
Indicators on National Economic and Social Development |
|
|
|
|
|
(%) |
Item |
1978 |
1989 |
1997 |
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
Population and Employment |
|
|
|
|
Population |
|
|
|
|
Urban and
Rural Structure |
|
|
|
|
Urban |
17.9 |
26.2 |
31.9 |
43.0 |
Rural |
82.1 |
73.8 |
68.1 |
57.0 |
Sexual
Structure |
|
|
|
|
Male |
51.5 |
51.6 |
51.1 |
51.5 |
Female |
48.5 |
48.4 |
48.9 |
48.5 |
Employment |
|
|
|
|
Industrial
Structure |
|
|
|
|
Primary Industry |
70.5 |
60.1 |
49.9 |
44.8 |
Secondary Industry |
17.3 |
21.6 |
23.7 |
23.8 |
Tertiary Industry |
12.2 |
18.3 |
26.4 |
31.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
Macro Economy |
|
|
|
|
National Accounting |
|
|
|
|
Industrial
Structure |
|
|
|
|
Primary Industry |
27.9 |
24.9 |
18.1 |
12.6 |
Secondary Industry |
47.9 |
42.9 |
47.5 |
47.5 |
Tertiary Industry |
24.2 |
32.2 |
34.4 |
39.9 |
Investment in Fixed Assets |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Total Investment in Fixed Assets |
|
|
|
|
Urban |
|
|
77.0 |
84.6 |
Rural |
|
|
23.0 |
15.4 |
Structure of
Funded Sources |
|
|
|
|
State Budget |
|
8.3 |
2.8 |
4.4 |
Domestic Loans |
|
17.3 |
18.9 |
17.3 |
Foreign Investment |
|
6.6 |
10.6 |
4.2 |
Self-raising Funds and Others Investment |
|
67.8 |
67.7 |
74.1 |
Government Finance |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Government Revenue |
|
|
|
|
Central Government |
15.5 |
30.9 |
48.9 |
52.3 |
Local Governments |
84.5 |
69.1 |
51.1 |
47.7 |
Structure of
Government Expenditures |
|
|
|
|
Central Government |
47.4 |
31.5 |
27.4 |
25.9 |
Local Governments |
52.6 |
68.5 |
72.6 |
74.1 |
Utilization of Foreign Capital |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Foreign Capital Actually Utilized |
|
|
|
|
Loans from Abroad |
|
62.5 |
18.7 |
|
Foreign Direct Investment |
|
33.7 |
70.3 |
94.5 |
Other Foreign Investment |
|
3.8 |
11.1 |
5.5 |
Energy |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Total Energy Production |
|
|
|
|
Coal |
70.3 |
74.1 |
74.1 |
76.4 |
Crude Oil |
23.7 |
19.3 |
17.3 |
12.6 |
Natural Gas |
2.9 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
3.3 |
Hydro-power, Nuclear Power, Wind Power |
3.1 |
4.6 |
6.5 |
7.7 |
Structure of
Total Energy Consumption |
|
|
|
|
Coal |
70.7 |
76.1 |
71.7 |
68.9 |
Petroleum |
22.7 |
17.1 |
20.4 |
21.0 |
Natural Gas |
3.2 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
2.9 |
Hydro-power, Nuclear Power, Wind Power |
3.4 |
4.7 |
6.2 |
7.2 |
Industry |
|
|
|
|
Agriculture |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Gross Output Value of Agriculture |
|
|
|
|
Farming |
80.0 |
62.8 |
58.2 |
49.7 |
Forestry |
3.4 |
4.4 |
3.4 |
3.6 |
Animal Husbandry |
15.0 |
27.6 |
28.8 |
33.7 |
Fishery |
1.6 |
5.3 |
9.6 |
10.2 |
Industry |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Capital of Industrial Enterprises |
|
|
|
|
Large Enterprises |
|
|
54.6 |
38.8 |
Medium-sized Enterprises |
|
|
15.3 |
34.2 |
Small Enterprises |
|
|
30.1 |
27.0 |
Construction |
|
|
|
|
Structure of Gross Output Value
of |
|
|
|
|
Construction Industry |
|
|
|
|
State-owned
Enterprise |
|
68.5 |
49.6 |
24.4 |
Collective-owned Enterprises |
|
31.5 |
43.0 |
8.1 |
Enterprises
with Funds from Hong Kong, Macao & Taiwan |
|
|
0.7 |
0.5 |
Foreign Funded
Enterprises |
|
|
0.8 |
0.7 |
Other
Enterprises |
|
|
5.9 |
66.2 |
Transportation |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Freight Traffic |
|
|
|
|
Railways |
44.2 |
15.3 |
13.5 |
14.5 |
Highways |
34.2 |
74.2 |
76.4 |
72.1 |
Waterways |
17.4 |
8.9 |
8.9 |
11.8 |
Civil Aviation |
|
|
|
|
Pipelines |
4.2 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.7 |
Domestic Trade |
|
|
|
|
Composition of
Retail Sales of Consumer Goods |
|
|
|
|
Cities |
32.4 |
45.3 |
59.2 |
67.1 |
Counties |
24.4 |
16.4 |
12.8 |
11.2 |
Below Counties |
43.2 |
38.3 |
28.0 |
21.7 |
Imports and Exports of Goods |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Exports |
|
|
|
|
Primary Goods |
53.5 |
28.7 |
13.1 |
6.4 |
Manufactured Goods |
46.5 |
71.3 |
86.9 |
93.6 |
Structure of
Imports |
|
|
|
|
Primary Goods |
|
19.9 |
20.1 |
22.4 |
Manufactured Goods |
|
80.1 |
79.9 |
77.6 |
International Tourism |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Tourists Visiting China |
|
|
|
|
Foreigners |
12.7 |
6.0 |
12.9 |
16.9 |
Hong Kong and Macao Compatriots |
}86.3 |
}93.8 |
83.3 |
79.7 |
Taiwan Compatriots |
3.7 |
3.4 |
Financial Intermediation |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Sources of Funds in Financial Institutions |
|
|
|
|
Deposits |
|
|
86.7 |
95.1 |
Bonds |
|
|
|
1.9 |
Liability to International Financial Institutions |
|
|
0.2 |
0.2 |
Currency in Circulation |
|
|
10.7 |
8.0 |
Others |
|
|
2.3 |
-5.1 |
Structure of
Fund Uses in Financial Institutions |
|
|
|
|
Loans |
|
|
78.9 |
64.5 |
Securities and Investment |
|
|
3.9 |
11.6 |
Capital in International Finance Institutions |
|
|
0.6 |
0.3 |
Position for Billion and Silver Purchase |
|
|
14.2 |
0.1 |
Position for Foreign Exchange |
|
|
1.7 |
23.6 |
Financial Debts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Education, Science and Culture |
|
|
|
|
Education |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Student Enrollment in Regular Schools |
|
|
|
|
College and University Students |
0.4 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
7.4 |
Secondary School Students |
31.1 |
28.7 |
32.8 |
40.9 |
Primary School Students |
68.5 |
70.1 |
65.7 |
51.7 |
Structure of
Full-time Teachers in Regular Schools |
|
|
|
|
Colleges and Universities |
2.4 |
4.2 |
3.9 |
8.5 |
Secondary Schools |
37.6 |
36.6 |
40.3 |
42.1 |
Primary Schools |
60.0 |
59.2 |
55.8 |
49.4 |
Science and Technology |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Funds for Scientific and |
|
|
|
|
Technological Activities |
|
|
|
|
Government Funds |
|
|
26.2 |
23.1 |
Enterprises Funds |
|
|
44.6 |
65.5 |
Loans from Banks |
|
|
13.1 |
5.3 |
Structure of
Internal Expenditures on Scientific |
|
|
|
|
and Technological Activities |
|
|
|
|
Service Fees |
|
|
19.9 |
21.4 |
Purchases of Fixed Assets |
|
|
27.5 |
29.5 |
Research and Development Expenses |
|
|
45.2 |
50.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
People's Livelihood and Environment |
|
|
|
|
People's Livelihood |
|
|
|
|
Consumption
Structure of Urban Residents |
|
|
|
|
Food |
57.5 |
54.5 |
46.6 |
36.7 |
Clothing |
13.6 |
12.3 |
12.5 |
10.1 |
Residence |
}28.9 |
}33.2 |
9.4 |
10.2 |
Articles for Daily Use and Others |
31.5 |
43.0 |
Consumption
Structure of Rural Residents |
|
|
|
|
Food |
67.7 |
54.8 |
55.1 |
45.5 |
Clothing |
12.7 |
8.3 |
6.8 |
5.8 |
Residence |
10.3 |
19.7 |
14.4 |
14.5 |
Articles for Daily Use and Others |
9.3 |
17.2 |
23.7 |
34.2 |
Social Welfare |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Retired and Resigned Persons |
|
|
|
|
Retired Veterans |
|
7.9 |
5.5 |
2.5 |
Retired Persons |
|
92.1 |
94.5 |
97.5 |
Structure of
Insurance Contribution and Welfare |
|
|
|
|
Funds of Retired and Resigned Persons |
|
|
|
|
Pensions for Retired Veterans |
|
|
8.0 |
5.4 |
Pensions for Retired Persons |
|
|
70.8 |
84.7 |
Expenses for Medical Care |
|
|
13.6 |
5.7 |
Others |
|
|
7.6 |
4.1 |
Health Care |
|
|
|
|
Doctors by
Types |
|
|
|
|
Doctors |
41.9 |
45.1 |
45.1 |
43.5 |
Nurses |
16.5 |
24.2 |
27.2 |
30.3 |
Beds in Health
Agencies |
|
|
|
|
Hospitals at City Level |
38.6 |
52.0 |
63.5 |
69.5 |
Hospitals at County Level |
61.4 |
48.0 |
36.5 |
30.5 |
Environment and Disasters |
|
|
|
|
Structure of
Investment in the Treatment of |
|
|
|
|
Industrial Pollution |
|
|
|
|
Waste Water Treatment |
|
|
62.5 |
29.2 |
Waste Gas Treatment |
|
|
24.7 |
46.5 |
Solid Wastes Treatment |
|
|
5.4 |
6.0 |
Noise Abatement |
|
|
0.7 |
0.7 |
Others |
|
|
6.7 |
17.6 |
Structure of
Fire Losses Converted into Cash |
|
|
|
|
Extraordinarily Serious Fires |
|
|
23.7 |
5.7 |
Serious Fires |
|
|
14.5 |
8.0 |
Ordinary Fires |
|
|
61.8 |
86.3 |
|
| a) Structure of capital
of industry in 1997 are the data in 1998. |
| b) Before 1997, beds in
health agencies referred to those in hospitals and clinics. |
|
