2-4 Structural
Indicators on National Economic and Social Development |
| |
|
|
|
(%) |
| Item |
1978 |
1989 |
1997 |
2004 |
| Population and Employment |
|
| Population |
| Urban and
Rural Structure |
|
|
|
|
| Urban |
17.9 |
26.2 |
31.9 |
41.8 |
| Rural |
82.1 |
73.8 |
68.1 |
58.2 |
| Sexual
Structure |
|
|
|
|
| Male |
51.5 |
51.6 |
51.1 |
51.5 |
| Female |
48.5 |
48.4 |
48.9 |
48.5 |
| Employment |
|
|
|
|
| Industrial
Structure |
|
|
|
|
| Primary Industry |
70.5 |
60.1 |
49.9 |
46.9 |
| Secondary Industry |
17.3 |
21.6 |
23.7 |
22.5 |
| Tertiary Industry |
12.2 |
18.3 |
26.4 |
30.6 |
| |
|
|
|
|
| Macro Economy |
|
|
|
|
| National Accounting |
|
|
|
|
| Industrial
Structure |
|
|
|
|
| Primary Industry |
28.1 |
25.0 |
19.1 |
15.2 |
| Secondary Industry |
48.2 |
43.0 |
50.0 |
52.9 |
| Tertiary Industry |
23.7 |
32.0 |
30.9 |
31.9 |
| Investment |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Total Investment in Fixed Assets |
|
|
|
|
| Urban |
|
|
77.0 |
83.8 |
| Rural |
|
|
23.0 |
16.2 |
| Structure of
Funded Sources |
|
|
|
|
| State Budgetary Appropriation |
|
8.3 |
2.8 |
4.3 |
| Domestic Loans |
|
17.3 |
18.9 |
18.3 |
| Foreign Investment |
|
6.6 |
10.6 |
4.4 |
| Fundraising and Others Investment |
|
67.8 |
67.7 |
73.0 |
| Government Finance |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Government Revenue |
|
|
|
|
| Central Government |
15.5 |
30.9 |
48.9 |
54.9 |
| Local Governments |
84.5 |
69.1 |
51.1 |
45.1 |
| Structure of
Government Expenditures |
|
|
|
|
| Central Government |
47.4 |
31.5 |
27.4 |
27.7 |
| Local Governments |
52.6 |
68.5 |
72.6 |
72.3 |
| Utilization of Foreign Capital |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Foreign Capital Actually Utilized |
|
|
|
|
| Loans from Abroad |
|
62.5 |
18.7 |
|
| Direct Investment by Foreign Entrepreneurs |
|
33.7 |
70.3 |
94.6 |
| Other Investment by Foreign Entrepreneurs |
|
3.8 |
11.1 |
5.4 |
| Energy |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Total Energy Production |
|
|
|
|
| Coal |
70.3 |
74.1 |
74.1 |
75.6 |
| Petroleum Crude Oil |
23.7 |
19.3 |
17.3 |
13.5 |
| Natural Gas |
2.9 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
3.0 |
| Hydropower |
3.1 |
4.6 |
6.5 |
7.9 |
| Structure of
Total Energy Consumption |
|
|
|
|
| Coal |
70.7 |
76.1 |
71.7 |
67.7 |
| Petroleum Oil |
22.7 |
17.1 |
20.4 |
22.7 |
| Natural Gas |
3.2 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
2.6 |
| Hydropower |
3.4 |
4.7 |
6.2 |
7.0 |
| Industry |
|
|
|
|
| Agriculture |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Gross Output Value of Agriculture |
|
|
|
|
| Farming |
80.0 |
62.8 |
58.2 |
50.1 |
| Forestry |
3.4 |
4.4 |
3.4 |
3.7 |
| Animal Husbandry |
15.0 |
27.6 |
28.8 |
33.6 |
| Fishery |
1.6 |
5.3 |
9.6 |
9.9 |
| Industry |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Capital of Industry |
|
|
|
|
| Large Enterprises |
|
|
54.6 |
38.9 |
| Medium-sized Enterprises |
|
|
15.3 |
32.9 |
| Small Enterprises |
|
|
30.1 |
28.2 |
| Construction |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Gross Output Value of |
|
|
|
|
| Construction Industry |
|
|
|
|
| State-owned
Enterprise |
|
68.5 |
49.6 |
|
| Collective-owned Enterprises |
|
31.5 |
43.0 |
|
| Enterprise
with Funds from Hong Kong, Macao & Taiwan |
|
|
0.7 |
|
| Foreign Funded
Enterprise |
|
|
0.8 |
|
| Other
Enterprise |
|
|
5.9 |
|
| Transportation |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Freight Traffic |
|
|
|
|
| Railways |
44.2 |
15.3 |
13.5 |
14.6 |
| Highways |
34.2 |
74.2 |
76.4 |
73.0 |
| Waterways |
17.4 |
8.9 |
8.9 |
11.0 |
| Civil Aviation |
|
|
|
|
| Pipelines |
4.2 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
| Domestic Trade |
|
|
|
|
| Composition of
Retail Sales of Consumer Goods |
|
|
|
|
| Cities |
32.4 |
45.3 |
61.0 |
65.9 |
| Counties |
24.4 |
16.4 |
12.8 |
11.4 |
| Below Counties |
43.2 |
38.3 |
26.2 |
22.7 |
| Foreign Trade |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Exports |
|
|
|
|
| Primary Goods |
53.5 |
28.7 |
13.1 |
6.8 |
| Manufactured Goods |
46.5 |
71.3 |
86.9 |
93.2 |
| Structure of
Imports |
|
|
|
|
| Primary Goods |
|
19.9 |
20.1 |
20.9 |
| Manufactured Goods |
|
80.1 |
79.9 |
79.1 |
| International Tourism |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Tourists |
|
|
|
|
| Foreigners |
12.7 |
6.0 |
12.9 |
15.5 |
| Hong Kong and Macao Compatriots |
86.3 |
93.8 |
83.3 |
81.1 |
| Taiwan Compatriots |
3.7 |
3.4 |
| Financial Intermediation |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Sources of Funds in State Banks |
|
|
|
|
| Deposits |
|
|
86.7 |
91.9 |
| Bonds |
|
|
|
1.5 |
| Liability to International Finance Institutions |
|
|
0.2 |
0.2 |
| Currency in Circulation |
|
|
10.7 |
8.2 |
| Others |
|
|
2.3 |
-1.8 |
| Structure of
Fund Uses in State Banks |
|
|
|
|
| Loans |
|
|
78.9 |
67.8 |
| Securities and Investment |
|
|
3.9 |
11.8 |
| Capital in International Finance Institutions |
|
|
0.6 |
0.3 |
| Purchase of Gold and Silver |
|
|
|
0.1 |
| Purchase of Foreign Exchanges |
|
|
14.2 |
20.0 |
| Government Debt |
|
|
1.7 |
|
| Education, Science and Culture |
|
|
|
|
| Education |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Student Enrollment |
|
|
|
|
| College and University Students |
0.4 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
6.3 |
| Secondary School Students |
31.1 |
28.7 |
32.8 |
40.9 |
| Primary School Students |
68.5 |
70.1 |
65.7 |
52.8 |
| Full-time
Teachers by Type |
|
|
|
|
| College and Universities |
2.4 |
4.2 |
3.9 |
7.7 |
| Secondary Schools |
37.6 |
36.6 |
40.3 |
41.8 |
| Primary Schools |
60.0 |
59.2 |
55.8 |
50.5 |
| Science and Technology |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Funding for Scientific and Technological Outlay |
|
|
|
|
| Government Fund |
|
|
26.2 |
22.8 |
| Enterprises Fund |
|
|
44.6 |
64.0 |
| Loans from Banks |
|
|
13.1 |
6.1 |
| Structure of
Internal Expenditures on Scientific and Technological Activities |
|
|
|
|
| Service Fees |
|
|
19.9 |
24.2 |
| Purchases of Fixed Assets |
|
|
27.5 |
29.8 |
| Research and Development Expenses |
|
|
45.2 |
49.1 |
| People's Livelihood and Environment |
|
|
|
|
| People's Livelihood |
|
|
|
|
| Consumption
Structure of Urban Residents |
|
|
|
|
| Food |
57.5 |
54.5 |
46.6 |
37.7 |
| Clothing |
13.6 |
12.3 |
12.5 |
9.6 |
| Articles for Daily Use and Others |
28.9 |
33.2 |
31.5 |
42.5 |
| Residence |
9.4 |
10.2 |
| Consumption
Structure of Rural Residents |
|
|
|
|
| Food |
67.7 |
54.8 |
55.1 |
47.2 |
| Clothing |
12.7 |
8.3 |
6.8 |
5.5 |
| Articles for Daily Use and Others |
9.3 |
17.2 |
23.7 |
32.5 |
| Residence |
10.3 |
19.7 |
14.4 |
14.8 |
| Social Welfare |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Retired and Resigned Persons |
|
|
|
|
| Retired Veterans |
|
7.9 |
5.5 |
2.8 |
| Retired Persons |
|
88.2 |
91.8 |
95.5 |
| Resigned Persons |
|
3.9 |
2.7 |
1.7 |
| Structure of
Insurance Contribution and Welfare |
|
|
|
|
| Funds of Retired and Resigned Persons |
|
|
|
|
| Pensions for Retired Veterans |
|
|
8.0 |
5.8 |
| Pensions for Retired Persons |
|
|
69.7 |
81.6 |
| Resignation Allowances for Living Expenses |
|
|
1.1 |
0.8 |
| Expenses for Medical Care |
|
|
13.6 |
7.7 |
| Others |
|
|
7.6 |
4.0 |
| Health Care |
|
|
|
|
| Doctors by
Types |
|
|
|
|
| Doctors |
41.9 |
45.1 |
45.1 |
43.4 |
| Nurses |
16.5 |
24.2 |
27.2 |
29.8 |
| Hospital Beds
by Area |
|
|
|
|
| Hospitals at City Level |
38.6 |
52.0 |
63.5 |
68.9 |
| Hospitals at County Level |
61.4 |
48.0 |
36.5 |
31.1 |
| Environment and Disasters |
|
|
|
|
| Structure of
Investment in the Treatment of |
|
|
|
|
| Industrial Pollution |
|
|
|
|
| Waste Water Treatment |
|
|
62.5 |
34.3 |
| Waste Gas Treatment |
|
|
24.7 |
46.3 |
| Solid Wastes Treatment |
|
|
5.4 |
7.4 |
| Noise Abatement |
|
|
0.7 |
0.4 |
| Others |
|
|
6.7 |
11.6 |
| Structure of
Fire Losses Converted into Cash |
|
|
|
|
| Extraordinarily Serious Fires |
|
|
23.7 |
17.7 |
| Serious Fires |
|
|
14.5 |
6.2 |
| Ordinary Fires |
|
|
61.8 |
76.1 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| a) Structure of capital
of industry in 1997 are the data in 1998. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
