Length of Railways in Operation  refers to the total length of the trunk line under passenger and freight transportation 
(including both full operation and temporary operation). The calculation is based on the actual length of the first line even if
this line has a full or partial double track or more tracks, excluding double tracks, station sidings, tracks under the charge of
stations, branch lines, special-purpose lines and the non-payable connecting lines. The length of railways in operation is an
important indicator to show the development of the infrastructure for the railway transport, and also the essential data to
calculate volume of passenger freight transport, traffic density and utilization efficiency of the locomotives and carriages.

Extenuation Length of Trunk Lines  refers to the sum of the first, the second, the third lines and other constructed
length of the trunk railways, excluding the extenuation length of the station lines, lines under the jurisdiction of depots,
sidings and lines for special purpose. It provides important information for the calculation of the needs for rails, sleepers,
sand and stone for the construction of railways.

Length of Electrified Railways   refers to the length of the section of railways in operation in which the power supply lines
and other equipment are installed for the running of electrified locomotives. The proportion of the length of electrified
railways to the total length of railways in operation is an important indicator to show the modernization of railways.

Automatic-blocking and Semi-automatic-blocking Length of Railways  Blocking is a spacing technique by which a
section of the railway only allows one train to pass at a time, in order to ensure the traffic safety. Automatic (semi-automatic)
blocking length of railways refers to railways installed with equipment to perform automatic or manual blocking of trains, the
proportion of automatic/semi-automatic  blocking length to the total length of railways in operation is an important indicator
to show the modernization of railways.

Length of Highways  refers to the length of highways which are built in conformity with the grades specified by the highway
engineering standard formulated by the Ministry of Communications,  and  have  been formally checked and accepted by the
departments of highways and put into use. The length of highways includes that of the suburb highways at large and
medium-sized cities, highways passing through streets at small cities and towns, and also the length of bridges and ferries. It
does not include the length of streets in big and medium-sized cities and highways built for the production purpose at
factories, mines, forest areas and agricultural areas. If two or more highways go the same section of the way, the length of
the section is only calculated for once and no duplication is allowed. The length of highways is an important indicator to show
the development of the highway construction and to provide essential information to calculate the transport network density.

Length of Navigable Inland Waterways  an indicator reflecting the size and development of inland water network, it
refers to the length of the natural rivers, lakes, reservoirs, canals, and ditches open to navigation during a given period, which
enables the transport by ships and rafts. It includes the channels open to navigation for over an accumulative 3 months in a
year, yet this does not include the river courses which are only used to float odd logs and bamboo rafts.

Length of Civil Aviation Routes  refers to the length of all routes for regular civil aviation flights. There are usually two
ways to calculate the distance between airports connected by the route length: One is to put the length of all air routes
together, called duplicated calculation of the length of the routes; the other is not to allow the duplication in calculation when
two or more routes passing the same section of aviation routes. The latter is usually used, as it can precisely show the size of
the civil aviation network and indicate the extent of civil aviation serving the national economy and the people.

Length of Oil (Gas) Pipelines   used as an indicator to show the development, scale and level of the pipeline
transportation, it refers to the actual transport distance of oil (or gas) products, and is in general calculated in the length of
single pipe line. If the length of the double pipelines and alternate pipeline are included, it is called the extension length of
the oil (gas) pipelines, which indicates the actual length of the pipelines built, excluding double pipelines.

Freight (Passenger) Traffic  refers to the volume of freight (passenger) transported with various means. Freight transport
is calculated in tons and passenger traffic is calculated in the number of persons. Despite the type of freight and travelling
distance, the freight transport is calculated in the actual weight of the goods: and despite the travelling distance and ticket
price, the passenger traffic is calculated by the principle that one person can be counted only once in one travel. The
passenger who travel with a half price ticket or a child ticket is also calculated as one person. The freight (passenger) traffic
provides a quantitative measure to show how the transport industry serves the national economy and people, and is also an
important indicator for planning the transport industry and for studying the development scale and speed of the transport
industry.

Freight (Passenger) Traffic Density  refers to the freight (passenger) traffic volume carried by a particular means of
transportation during a given period through one kilometer of a specific section of transportation route. The formula is as
follows:

 Freight (Passenger) Traffic Density=[Freight Ton-kilometers (Passenger-kilometers)] / (Length of Route in Operation)

Measuring unit: ton-kilometer / kilometer (or person-kilometer / kilometer)

Freight (passenger) traffic density reflects the degree of business of freight (passenger) traffic on transportation routes, and
therefore provides important information for balancing transport capability, planning construction and upgrading of transport
routes and studying the distribution of transport network.

Freight Ton-kilometers (Passenger-kilometers)   refer to the sum of the products of the volume of transported cargo
(passengers) multiplying by the transport distance, usually using ton-kilometer and passenger-kilometer as units for
measurement. Normally, the shortest distance between the departure station and the destination station (i.e., the payable
distance) is the basis to calculate the freight ton-kilometers. This is an important indicator to show the total results of the
transport industry, to prepare and examine the transport plan and to measure the efficiency, the labour productivity and the
unit cost of transport.

The formula is as follows:

Freight Ton-kilometers (Passenger-kilometers) =∑{Freight (Passenger) Traffic x Distance of Transportation}

Measuring unit: ton-kilometer (person-kilometer)

Static Load of Freight Cars  refers to the average cargo weight as loaded by each freight car under the static condition at
the departure station. It is used to show the utilization extent of the loading capacity of the freight cars. The formula is:

Static Load (ton) of Freight Car=(Tonnage of Goods Dispatched) / (Number of Freight Cars Loaded)

The static load of freight cars is determined by the nature and type of goods loaded, the type of vehicles, and the technique
of loading. The difference between the average marked load and the static load of freight cars reflects the utilization of
loading capacity of freight cars. For its calculation the following formula is applied:

Utilization Rate of Capacity of Freight Cars(%)=[(Average Static Load)×100%] / (Average Marked Load)

Average Daily Haul of Freight Locomotives refers to the average total ton-kilometers accomplished by each freight
transport locomotive over day and night during a given period of time. It includes both the weight of the goods carried and
the dead weight of the train itself. It is a comprehensive indicator reflecting the locomotive efficiency in terms of both time
and the pulling force.

Average Daily Haul of Freight Transport Locomotive (ton-kilometer)=[(Total Ton/(Kilometers of Freight)] / (Daily Number of
Freight Transport Locomotive)

Volume of Freight Handled in Major Coastal Ports refers to the volume of cargo passing in and out the harbor area of
the major coastal ports and having been loaded and unloaded. The volume includes that of the postal matters, registered
luggage and fuels, materials and fresh water as supplies of the ships. The volume of freight handled may be classified by 
direction of flow as freight for import and freight for export, or by nature of cargo as freight for domestic trade and freight for
foreign trade. As an important indicator, the volume of freight handled by type of cargo and by main flow direction reflects the
production  capacity of ports.

Business Volume of Post and Telecommunications refers to the total amount of post and telecommunications
services, expressed in value terms, provided by the post and telecommunications departments for the society. Post and
telecommunication services can be classified as letters, parcels, remittance, issue of newspapers and magazines, fast mail
service, express mail service, savings deposits, stamps for collection, public and individual telegraph service, facsimiles, long-
distance telephone service, leasing of telephone lines, urban paging service, mobile telephone service, data transfer and
transmission, etc. The accounting approach is to  multiply the service products of all types with their average unit price
(constant price) to get sum of business value, plus income from other services such as leasing of telephone lines and
equipment, maintenance of telephone switchboards and lines on behalf of customers. This indicator reflects the overall
results of post and telecommunications service during a given period, and is important to study the composition of business
service and the development of post and telecommunications service.

The formula is as follows:

Business Volume of Post and Telecommunications=∑(Transaction of Post and Telecommunication Service x Constant
Price) + Income from Leasing, Maintenance and other Services

Subscribers of Wireless Paging Services  Wireless paging service refers the service by which telephone users send
audio, digital or character signals to persons carrying small-size pagers within the designated areas through wireless paging
centers. The page carriers who have registered in paging centers are counted as paging subscribers.

Mobile Telephone Subscribers  refer to the persons who own mobile telephone numbers and are connected with the
mobile telephone communication network through the mobile telephone switchboards. The number of subscribers is
calculated by the subscribers who have completed registration at mobile communication business centers and entered into the
mobile telephone network. One mobile telephone is taken as a subscriber.

Telephone Subscribers  refer to subscribers that are connected to the public line telephone network provided with
telephone services. Before 1997, telephone subscribers were classified as city subscribers and village subscribers. City
subscribers referred to those connected to city telephone networks in county towns and cities, while village subscribers referred
to those connected to village telephone stations at and below counties. Since 1997, the classification of telephone subscribers
was modified on the basis of physical location of the subscribers as 搖rban telephone subscribers and 搑ural telephone
subscribers, which is different from the previous classification of  categorizing 搇ocal telephones and 搑ural telephones, while
the definition of total subscribers and total number of telephones remain unchanged.

Urban Telephone Subscribers  refer to subscribers  telephone subscribers, located at municipalities, cities under the
jurisdiction of province, cities at prefectural level, downtown and suburb of city at county level town and county towns (including
country towns where county government located, and towns of county level according to the administrative organizational
system), that are connected to the public line telephone network, including rural mineral area, forest area, military area.

Rural Telephone Subscribers  refer to telephone subscribers, located at towns under county town and country, that are
connected to the public line telephone network.

Household Telephone Subscribers  refer to telephone sets installed in the dwelling units of urban or rural residents,  and
registered as residence subscribers for payment, including 3 types of payment for the service: private payment, public
payment and free service.

Capacity of Office Telephone Exchanges  refers to the capacity (measured in gate) of telephone exchanges installed in
the offices of local telecommunication service providers for communication between fixed telephones. It includes the capacity
of both manual and automatic exchanges in use and for stand-by purpose. Equipment with expansion function is to be
counted by the expanded capacity.