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With rapid growth of China's higher educational scale in recent years, all relevant reforms have been going in depth. Some localities and institutions of higher learning have made bold explorations in the areas of school-running mechanisms. The second-level schools with relative independence run on a trial basis through new mechanisms and modes by regular institutions of higher learning (hereinafter referred to independent schools) have witnessed rapid development and played an active role in ensuring the growth of higher educational scale and in expanding resources of higher education. However, due to various reasons, many problems and conflicts erupt with some independent schools during their running, which necessitates further specification of relevant policies and strengthening of the administration. With a view to promoting the sustainable and healthy development of independent schools, some opinions on the regulated administration thereof are hereby put forward as follows: 1. The independent schools mentioned in the present text refer to the second-level schools offering undergraduate courses and run through new mechanisms and modes by regular institutions of higher learning. The second-level schools, branch schools and other similar second-level learning institutions established through public funding mechanisms and modes by some regular institutions of higher learning are not included 2. Principles of "vigorous support and regulated administration" are applied to the trial running of independent schools. Independent schools are one of the explorations and innovations in school-running mechanisms and modes for higher education under the new situation and an effective approach in better, faster expanding resources of higher education, thus are of great significance for sustainable and healthy development of China's higher education in future. All localities, departments and institutions of higher learning should propel the trial running of independent schools in a progressive and planned fashion for the time to come. While active explorations and bold practices are encouraged, administration should be strengthened in regulating school-running behaviors, keeping close watch of and resolutely checking phenomena such as rushing into mass action, so as to ensure sound and healthy development of independent schools. The trial running of independent schools should be in full use of quality higher educational resources now existing and facilitate the expansion of such resources. For a long time to come, priority will be given to supporting the trial running of independent schools by the regular institutions of higher learning with high school-running qualities and good school-running conditions. For the regular institutions of higher learning with unfavorable school-running qualities and faced with difficulties, attention should be paid to further raising the school-running level and improving school-running conditions instead of conducting trial-running of independent schools for the time being. Transformation of a higher vocational school (junior college) into an independent school in disguised forms are not allowed. 3. An school-running applicant shall be a regular institution of higher learning. A partner to an independent school (hereinafter referred to a partner) may be a business or non-profit organization, social group, individual, or a capable institution of other kind. The applicant shall be responsible for the teaching and management of the independent school and ensure the school-running quality. The applicant shall fully exert the advantages of the institution headquarter in knowledge and human resources, strengthen the building of teaching staff for the independent school and establish and improve the supervision and assessment system. A partner should provide various conditions and facilities needed for the running of the independent school and participate in the administration, supervision and guidance thereof. To specify the responsibilities, rights and interests between an applicants and a partner, both parties shall sign a legally binding agreement on cooperative school running. A school board of directors may be established through consultation of both parties. The composition and membership of the school board are subject to the decision by both parties. The board will, at the recommendation of the applicant, designate the deanship. 4. The independent schools run on a trial basis shall all adopt the non-government funding mechanism. Costs and relevant expenses on construction and development of independent schools shall be borne by the partner(s), or be financed through non-governmental funding mechanism. The independent schools run on a trial basis shall all adopt new school-running modes. An independent school shall: (1) have independent campuses and basic school-running facilities; (2) implement relatively independent teaching organization and management; (3) independently recruit students; (4) independently confer formal educational degrees; (5) independently conduct business accounting; (6) have independent corporate identity and be capable of independently assuming civil liabilities. An independent school may independently fill out the Grassroots Statistical Form on Higher Education in accordance with the provisions of the state on statistics of educational undertaking. 5. Since independent schools are at the undergraduate level, an application is subject to the approval of the Ministry of Education for the time being under the Higher Education Law. The Ministry of Education should intensify its efforts in reforming the approval methods, simplifying the approval procedures, and vigorously creating conditions for gradually empower the approval authority to the provincial-level governments in the locality where higher education is well-planned, rationally distributed and school-running behaviors are regulated. The applications for trial-operating independent schools shall be all handled on a by-regional basis. An application filed to the provincial-level educational department in the applicant's locality is subject to the preliminary examination of the said department (including the preliminary examination of the experts designated by the provincial-level setup appraisal committee for institutions of higher learning). After the preliminary examination opinion is proposed, the application will be submitted to the Ministry of Education for approval. An institution of higher learning affiliated to the department(s) of the Central Government must consult the opinion of the superior department-in-charge before filing an application to the provincial-level educational department in the locality of the said institution. The Ministry of Education will, before deciding on whether to grant approval or not, organize diverse forms of assessment over some independent schools applied for by various localities. In case an applicant independent school fails to meet the provided school-running conditions for the time being, the applicant may apply for preparatory establishment thereof with the consent of the provincial-level educational department in the applicant's locality. No students may be recruited during the period of preparatory establishment, which may last for one or two years. When the period expires, if the applicant independent school meets the provided requirements, approval will be granted in accordance with the aforesaid procedures; in case of failure to meet the provided requirements, the preparatory establishment process shall be terminated. 6. An independent school should, in principle, be run on a trial basis within the province (autonomous region, or municipalities directly under the Central Government) where the applicant is located. Trial running across different provinces shall be subject to the approval of the Ministry of Education after the consent of the provincial-level educational department in the locality of the independent school and the consent of the department in charge of the applicant are given. In order to further promote the balanced development of higher education, the state encourages and supports qualified institutions of higher learning to run independent schools in the western regions and the regions short of higher educational resources; the Ministry of Education will give priority to granting approval to applications of independent schools run in such regions. 7. School-running conditions and qualities must be guaranteed. An independent school shall meet the necessary school-running conditions. An initial school-running applicant shall meet the following conditions: a campus area of at least 150 mu (with the exception of an art school or a situation otherwise provided by the state); land reserve for future development: a campus planning area of at least 300 mu; a floor area of at least 40,000 square meters for teaching and administrative purposes; at least 10 million RMB worth of teaching apparatus and equipment in total; and at least 40 thousand books. An independent school shall have at least 100 staff members and a stable contingent of full-time teachers employed for at least one academic year. Of the full-time teachers, those holding associate senior professional titles or above shall account for at least 30%. During its formal recruit of students, an independent school shall basically live up to the provided standards of the state in terms of average school-running conditions per student. Supervision and assessment of school-running qualities and behaviors must be strengthened. The school-running qualities, behaviors and educational standards of independent schools are subject to the supervision and assessment of the Ministry of Education and the provincial-level departments in charge of education, in accordance with the Higher Education Law and the relevant provisions of the state. The Ministry of Education will, in light of the relevant provisions of the state on school-running conditions and the real circumstances of independent schools, conduct annual examination of independent schools' recruit qualifications and school-running conditions, and promulgate the annual examination result to the public. For an independent school that fails to meet the state provisions or are badly operated or managed, punishment such as temporary disqualification will be given. Where the circumstance is serious, the school shall be cancelled. 8. Establishment of majors in an independent school should mainly cater to the needs of local and regional social & economic development. Specifically, conditions should be created to accelerate the development of short line majors urgently needed by society and human resources market. The recruit plan of an independent school is subject to the coordinated arrangement of the provincial-level people's government in the school's locality within the planned total of regular undergraduate recruits prescribed by the state. The recruit requirement of an independent school shall not be lower than the minimum score requirement for undergraduate recruit in the locality of the school. The specific recruit and enrollment batches, measures and relevant policies for residence administration and employment of graduates shall be determined by the provincial-level people's government in the locality of the school under the relevant laws and regulations of the state. The charging rates for students shall be determined by the provincial-level people's government in the locality of the school on the basis of the recruit charging policies of the state for non-government funded institutions of higher learning. 9. The assets and financial management and alteration, dissolution, cancellation of an independent school shall be handled in accordance with the relevant laws, policies and provisions of the state and the agreement on cooperative school-running by the parties. 10. All localities and all departments shall strengthen the leadership, guidance, coordination and planning of independent schools. All localities and all departments should handle well the overall planning of and arrangement for independent schools run on a trial basis in their respective localities and departments, required by the development of China's higher education and the restructuring of institutions of higher learning. All localities, departments, and institutions of higher learning shall strengthen the administration of school-running order and behaviors of independent schools, especially the supervision and administration of establishment applications, students recruitment and enrollment, charging rates, school-running sites, conferment of degrees, etc, so as to ensure smooth running of independent schools. Independent schools shall establish Party and Youth League institutions, actively conduct Party and Youth League operations and maintain stability. All provincial-level educational departments shall strengthen leadership and guidance in a realistic manner.กก All localities and all departments shall, in accordance with the present Opinions, strengthen the administration of independent schools, safeguard the school-running reputation in higher education on the one hand, and conduct immediate inspections and clearing over independent schools in operation on the other. Those failing to meet the provisions and requirements shall immediately cease operation or new recruits. In case any disturbance is induced due to failure to implement the present Opinions, the relevant institutions of higher learning and departments shall be subject to legal liabilities. |
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